Textile recycling is the method of reusing or reprocessing used clothing, fibrous material and clothing scraps from the manufacturing process. Textiles in municipal solid waste are found mainly in discarded clothing, although other sources include furniture, carpets, tires, footwear, and nondurable goods such as sheets and towels.
recycling one ton of textiles can save 200 tons of H2O, 126/11 cubic yards of Landfill space, 7 tons of CO2, 14,000,000/1,341 kwh of energy, 1,000/1,341 tons of Al
recycling one one metric ton of silk can save 47,000 kwh of energy, 47/14 tons of Al, 37,600 gallons of H2O
Textiles and leather recycling categories[]
- Cotton recycling
- Wool Recycling
- Burlap, Jute, and Sisal Recycling
- Polyurethane Foam Recycling
- Polyester and Polyester Fiber Recycling
- Nylon and Nylon Fiber Recycling
- Other Synthetic Fiber Recycling
- Carpet recycling
- Rags and Wipers
- Used and Recycled Bags
- Used Clothing
- Leather Recycling
- Textile Recycling Employment
Textile collection[]
For consumers the most common way of recycling textiles is reuse through reselling or donating to charity (Goodwill Industries, Salvation Army, etc.). However, certain communities in the United States have been accepting textiles in curbside pickup since 1990. The textiles must be clean and dry in order to be accepted for recycling.
Some companies, such as Patagonia, an outdoor clothing and gear company, accept their product back for recycling.[1] Other companies, like USAgain, are for-profit textile recycling companies using collection bins at a variety of sites.[2] Textile recycling equipment plays an important part in the textile recycling industry - Standard and high-efficiency textile recycling equipment is quite important for supporting the textile industry. So far,the most popular and widely accepted clothing recycling bin are designed and manufactured by overseas companies, which use a high safety chutes that are easily opened and closed.
Resale[]
After collection of the textiles, workers sort and separate collected textiles by color, size and quality, it is then packed, baled and sold as good reusable clothing. Shoes are reused by being resold as well. This process not only creates local jobs, it helps stimulate local economy.
Conversion to rags[]
Damaged textiles are sorted out to make industrial wiping cloths and other items.
Made into other clothes[]
Some textiles can be remade into other pieces of clothing.
Recycling[]
Obstacles[]
If textile re-processors receive wet or soiled clothes, however, these may still end up being disposed of in landfill, as the washing and drying facilities are not present at sorting units. This then affects the environment.[3]
Process[]
Clothing fabric generally consists of composites of cotton (biodegradable material) and synthetic plastics. The textile's composition will affect its durability and method of recycling.
Fiber reclamation mills grade incoming material into type and color. The color sorting means no re-dying has to take place, saving energy and pollutants. The textiles are shredded into "shoddy" fibers and blended with other selected fibers, depending on the intended end use of the recycled yarn. The blended mixture is carded to clean and mix the fibers and spun ready for weaving or knitting. The fibers can also be compressed for mattress production. Textiles sent to the flocking industry are shredded to make filling material for car insulation, roofing felts, loudspeaker cones, panel linings and furniture padding.[4]
For specialized polyester based materials the recycling process is significantly different. The first step is to remove the buttons and zippers then to cut the garments into small pieces. The shredded fabric is then granulated and formed into small pellets. The pellets are broken down polymerized and turned into polyester chips. The chips are melted and spun into new filament fiber used to make new polyester fabrics.[5]
Some companies are creating new pieces of clothing from scraps of old clothes. By combining and making new additions, the eclectic garments are marketed as a type of style.
Statistics[]
| Year | Percent of textile recovered in the U.S.[6][7] |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2.8% |
| 1980 | 6.3% |
| 2011 | 8% |
References[]
- ↑ http://www.patagonia.com Patagonia Common Threads Garment Recycling
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration' not found.
- ↑ Councils "need to understand" importance of textile quality, www.letsrecycle.com, Retrieved 24.11.06
- ↑ textiles recycling
- ↑ http://www.patagonia.com Common Threads Garment Recycling
- ↑ EPA. Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2003.
- ↑ Municipal Solid Waste in the United States: 2005 Facts and Figures